

Other unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Berkshire Valley, Bowling Green Mountain, Cozy Lake, Espanong, Ford, Halsey Island, Hopatcong Station, Hopewell, Hurdtown, Lake Hopatcong, Longwood Mountains, Lower Longwood, Minisink, Moosepac Pond, New Russia, Newfoundland, Nolans Point, Oak Ridge, Petersburg, Prospect Point, Raccoon Island, Russia, Tierneys Corner, Upper Longwood, Weldon, Woodport and Woodstock. Lake Swannanoa is an unincorporated community located within Jefferson Township. The Jefferson Township Municipal Building, Middle School, High School, Recycling Center and school bus depot are positioned at the boundary between the two halves of the township. As of 2016, there is a push to remove all or part of the Wharton mailing address designation and change it to the Lake Hopatcong mailing address. Addresses in Lake Hopatcong use either Lake Hopatcong (not to be confused with the Hopatcong mailing city used in the Borough of Hopatcong) or Wharton as their mailing city. Addresses in the Milton section of the township are classified under the Oak Ridge mailing city, which is shared with a portion of West Milford Township, or in the Newfoundland mailing area, shared with a portion of West Milford and Rockaway Township.

Each half has its own first-aid squad, fire department substation and set of elementary schools. The township has two large divisions, Milton and Lake Hopatcong. The township borders Mount Arlington, Rockaway Township, Roxbury Township and Wharton in Morris County West Milford Township in Passaic County and Hardyston Township, Hopatcong and Sparta Township in Sussex County.
